See Pi character.

The spicific and precise descriptions of the ink, paper, binding, quantity, and other features of a printed job.

Sample page set to show the typography.

A printing defect occurred in photogravure. Minute white spots appear in images caused by lack of ink transfer.This occurs if the paper surface is rough and cannot make contact with the gravure cells. Also called Dot skip.

Instrument that measures colour by obtaining and analyzing its spectral composition.

Curve showing the quality of a colour produced by the use of a spectrophotometer. The intensity of all the coloured lights that make-up the colour at a known wavelength is taken and a smooth curve then drawn connecting relative intensity and wavelength.The curve gives the most complete data on the quality of the colour in question:the hue of the colour is the dominant wavelength which reflected most; the value of the colour is indicated by the position of the curve and the chroma is the coverage of the curve.

Complete range of colours within the visible light,i.e.between the wave-length of 400 nm to 700nm.

Pertaining to systems that recognize key spoken words as commands. These may be interpreted from waveform or vocal chord vibration patters.

Pertaining to systems that produce sounds that correspond to spoken words.

A computer program that compares a text file with a spelling dictionary and marks any words that are not recognized as correctly spelled.

Inconstant surges in power on an electrical power line causing interference with sensitive electronic equipment.

The backbone of a book block,See Backbone.

The thickness of the spine of a book block not including the thickness of the cover boards.See Bulk.

A method of binding in which a continuous wire is threaded through holes punched in the binding edge of the pages.See Mechanical binding.

A method of duplication. An aniline-dye carbon paper is placed against the paper master,typing or drawing is carried out at the back of the master so that the dye is transferred to the master forming reversed images. The paper to be printed is slightly moistened with an alcohol base solvent that picks up a thin layer of the dye from the paper master.

Synonymous with "ink flying","ink misting".See Ink flying.

Crosswise joint in a web of paper, secured with adhesive.

Dividing the ink duct on the press so that the left side prints one  colour and the right side prints a differnt colour;or achieving a rainbow effect by splitting the duct with narrow dividers.Because of the oscillation of the rollers on the press a third colour can be produced where two colours meet. See Rainbow printing.

Print run of a publication diveded in two, or more stages to accommodate changes in text,changes of binding style,etc.

A serious form of picking where part of paper surface were torn on the press due to extreme tacky of the ink. See Picking.

Waste incurred during the printing or binding processes.Also called Wastage.

Acronym of "Simultaneous Peripheral Output On Line".It refers to the simultaneous printing of a text whilst the computer user is engaged on some other activity,such as editing another text.

Colour used sporadically for emphasising purpose.Typically,just black plus a second colour.This second colour is called "spot colour",and may be referred to as "special colour".See Special colour.

Varnish applied to selective parts of a printed sheet. Often used to achieve special effect or to add gloss to a picture.

Eliminating white spots on negative by painting with opaque.

Substance such as corn starch sprayed to printed sheets to prevent set-off. See Abnti-setoff spray.

(1)Synonymous with "overdraw",See Overdraw.

(2)Any two facing pages when a publication is lying open.

Ink crept on printed areas. There are many factors causing ink to spread;such as printing pressure,ink viscosity,paper absorbency,etc.

A software package designed to perform financial calculations.

In account book binding, the spine of the book block is gripped by a hard curved straw board or mill board hollow which acts like a spring, thus named.

Feed holes in paper tape. See Advanced feed hole.

Synonymous with "flat back".See Flat back.

Also called a square-finish half-tone.It is a half-tone finished with staight edges at right angles to each other.It may be squre,but more often,rectangular.

Typeface with serifs the same weight or heavier than the main letter strokes.

A term used in letterpress and flexo to describe the spreading of ink during impression causing an unsharp image.

A rubber blade used in screen printing to push the ink through the mesh and stencil onto the paper.

See Side-stabbing.

Photographic paper used for phototypesetting output.The emulsion contains silver halide particles plus a developing agent. After exposure,the paper can be processed within twenty seconds in a simple processor which activates and stabilises the paper.However,itslifespan is short and so are useful only on jobs to be printed within a short period of time.

Similar to "rapid access processing"except it is for a special type of photographic paper called "stabilisation paper".See Rapid access processing.

Process of covering bare metal,to protect lines or dots from being etched, in making of photoengraving and gravure cylinder.See Stopping out.

Sized metallic or pigment sheet used to give colour in blocking. Metallic foil offers the colour gold or silver.Pigment foil can offer any colour.

Relief printing machine which uses a stamping action to make an impression. Mainly for the printing of labels.