排字上用的长度单位，1倍卡等于12点。1倍卡约为4.21毫米或六分之一寸。参阅正方，点度制。

Pick tester

An instrunent which measures the pick resistance of paper,throrgh the use of inks haveng known degrees of tack.

用已知粘度的油墨测量纸张表面对剥纸抗力的仪器。

Picking

The undesirable removal of fibres from the printing surface of a sheet of paper; occurring when the tack of the ink exceeds the surface strength of the paper.

印刷时，油墨粘度高出纸面强度，造成纸面纤维被剥离的不良情况。

Picosecond

One thousandth of a nanosecond. Measurement of computer processing speed. Abbreviated psec.

千分之一纳秒。量度电脑处理速度的单位。符号是psec。

Pictogram

The first form of recording thoughts and deeds by drawing pictures. It is a powweful way of communicating simple and straight forward matters, but cannot convey complex idea.

最初用来记录思想或行为的图画。交流单间和直接的事物，它是一种强而有力的方法，但不能传达复杂的概念。

Picture element

The smallest dot or element of an image that can be displayed and addressed.Shorten to "Pixel". See Pixel.

能够显示和注明地址的最细点子或元素。参阅下文。

Pie chart

A graphic diagram representing a pie, the portions of which vay to indicate values or percentages.

状似圆饼的美术图形，它的切开部分表示不同的数值或百分率。

Pigment

Pigments are insoluble coloured substances.There are many types of pigments for the  production of printing inks, such as natural and manufactrues inorganic pigments,synthetix organic pigments and carbon black.

颜料是不能溶解的有色物质。制造油墨用的颜料有多种，例如：天然和人造无机颜料，合成有机颜料和碳黑。

Pigment foil

Coloured foils used for blocking.

作烫印用的彩色箔。

Pigskin

Tough and durable book covering material made from the hide of a pig.

用猪的皮制成的结实和耐久的书皮材料。

Pile feeder

An automatic sheet feeding mechanism providing input to a press or a folding machine.

自动给纸的机械结构：是印刷机或折纸机的输入装置。

Piling

The builup or agglomeration of ink pigment  or paper dust on press rollers, plates or blankets. See Caking.

积聚在印刷机的墨辊间，版面或胶布上的油墨颜料或纸粉团块。参阅上文。

Pin feed

The method of feeding continuius stationery by lining up pins on the machines with a series of small holes in the paper.

边续表格的给纸方法。纸的两边打上连串小孔，对齐机器上的钉而被带动。

Pin register system

A set of appliances whech use pin and holes to assure accurate register of copy, film and plates furing their priparation; especially important for the register of prscess colour prining. Also called Punch register system.

在处理稿件、菲林和印版时，用钉对孔的方法以确保准确定位的一套设备。在四色彩印方面，对位问题特别重要。亦称打孔定位系统。

Pimhole

A small, unwanted,transparent area in a photo graphic film emulsion; due to dust on copy,copyboard glass or film.

因原稿、稿架玻璃或菲林上的灰尘而造成菲林乳剂上一些细小、无用的透明小点。

Piping

(1)In paper, the formation of ridfes in a reel of paper left standing without a wterproof  wrapper as the paper takes in or gives out moisture.

(2)In film laminating over an ink film which is not perfectly dry.

（1）卷筒纸当失去防水包装纸而存放一段时间后，会因吸入或放出水分而形成山脊似的情况。

（2）裱胶时，胶层表面有着坚硬管状条子的情况。主要成因是油墨尚未干透而加工所致。

Pitch

The horizontal spacing of type-writer or impact printer characters. Common pitches are 10, 12, and 15(10, 12, 15 characters to the linear inch).

打字机或撞压式印字机的字符阔度。常见的字阔度是10、12和15（即是每寸长度内分别有10、12或15个字符）。

Pixel

A comtraction of picture elements.It is the minut individual image/non-image areas created by  the digitisation of type or graphics. A pixel is the smallest dot in the system which can be manipulated for its brightness and colour.

是图像元素的缩写。把字体或美术图形数码化后，构成画面的影像和非影像的最细面积。像素是该系统内最小的点子，每一像素的明暗和颜色可单独的操纵和调整。

Pixel editing

The process of examining and deleting individual pixels, typically around the outside of images, in order to tidy up outlines.

沿着影像边缘，检查和删除个别像素，使边线整齐的操作。

Planer

Block of wood used as a pad for tapping lettepress type into place on the surface of the stone.

垫着敲打，推平装版台上的活版铅的木块。

Planning

All the process involved in deciding the imposition scheme,drawing the layout and laying pages down onto the carrier sheets in correct sequence, etc,ready for platemaking.

从决定装版方式，绘画装版图和把小版依次序摆放于基片上，以可以晒版的各项工作。

Planographic printing

Printing from a plate where the images and non-images are on the same plane. For example, lithographic printing, offset and collotype.

印版上的印纹和非印纹在同一个平面上的印刷方法。例如：石印、柯式和珂罗版印刷。

Plastic comb binding

Pages of a book are held together by means of plastic comb.It es one of the mechanical binding methods.

是机械式装订的一种。它用胶圈把书页结合一起。

Plastic film

A geeric term to mean any thin film of plastic; including acetate, polyester, polythene, etc.

广义名词。泛指各类塑胶薄片，包括醋酸胶片，聚脂，聚乙烯等等。

Plastic plate

A type of duplicate plates for relief printing. It uses plastic materials and produced either by pressing or casting. See Duplicate plate.

一种凸版印刷用的复制版。用塑料材料分别用压模法或铸造法制成。参阅复制版。

Plastics

Solid materials made from synthetic resins, haveng appreciable mechanical strength, which at a suitable stage of manufacture can be cast, moulded or polymerised directly to a shape.

用合成树脂制成的固体一物料。它具相当的机械强度，在适当的生产阶段，可以依照模型铸造或压造或直接聚合成形。

Plate

(1) Any one-piece of printing surface.

(2) An illustration printed separately from the text, on different type of paper and attached to a book.

（1）印刷用的任何片块。

（2）用不同纸张，与内文分开施印，然后附入书内的插图。

Plate cylinder

The press cylinder which xarries the plate.

印刷机上装载印版的圆筒 。

Plate etch

A desensitising solution applied to a litho plate to increase the hydrophillic property of the non-image areas. Gum arabisis a common ingredient in a plate etch.

施于柯式版面的消感溶液，它增加非印纹部分的亲水性。阿拉伯胶是版面腐蚀的主要成份。

Plate projection system

A plat exposure system which works by projecting the image from microfilm or compact roll film rather than by the same-size one-to-one contact printing of films.

用微摄菲林或小型卷筒菲林内的影像投射于印版上的晒版系统，有别于用原大菲林和接触晒印的方法。

Plate scanning

The electronic   scanning of a pres-ready plate to generate a record of the image arease in relation to its location across the press. The imformation information is stored in tape or disc which can be used to set the printing machine ink keys for make-ready.

把准备印刷的印版用电子扫描，记录印纹面积和它的相关位置，贮存于磁带或磁碟上。校机时，用它调校印刷机上的供墨钥匙。

Plateless printing

Latent images were formed by computer data, toner developed and then transferred to the substrate to be printed. It includes electrostatic printing and ink-jet printing. Also called Pressureless printing.

由电脑数据造成静电潜影，用色剂显影，然后转印到承印物上的方法。它包括静电印刷和喷墨印刷。又称无压力印刷。

Platen

Small letterpress printing   machine on which the paper is held in the platen and pressed up against the vertically-held type-bed.

小型活版印刷机。纸张摆稳于压板上，然后压向垂直的装版台的机器。

Plotter

Device which draws graphics from computer instructions with a pen or other medium.

依照电脑指示，用笔或其他工具画美术图形的装置。

Plucking

Synonymous with Picking. See Picking.

参阅上文。

Ply

Number of sheets of paper or board pasted together for strength, Thus; 2-ply, 3-ply, etc.

表示多少张纸或纸板粘结一起，增加强度的情况。例如两层、三层等。

Point

A unit of type measurement which is approximate 0.351 mm or 0.013837 inch. Abbreviated to pt. See  Point system.

字体的大小单位。1点约等于0.35毫米或0.013837寸符号是Pt。参阅点数制。

Point  size

Alternative term for type size. The point size is the distance from the belly of a type to its back. Also, it is the distance between the ascender line and the descender line of a typeface design.See Body size.

铅字粒的字腹到字背间的距离。亦即是字面设计上的上升笔划线到下降笔划线间的距离。参阅字身大小。

Point system

The main system of typographic measurement. There are two Point systems, viz:the commonly use British-American Point system and the Didot point system. See Didot point system.

字体大小的主要计量制度。有两个体制度，即是常用的英美制和狄多点制。参阅狄多点制。

Poise

The unit for measuring viscosity of a liquid. One poise is one tenth of the pressure in Pascal exertes in the liquid in a second. water at 20ºC has a viscosity of one centi-poise.

是液体的流阻度的计量单位。一泊是该液体每秒感应十分之一帕斯卡的压力的情况。清水在摄氏20度时的流阻度是百分之一泊。

Polarity

(1) A property of ilectric charges, either negativeor positive.

(2) A property of a magnetic field, either north pole or south pole.

（1）电荷的一种特性，它不是负电，就是正电。

（2）磁场的一种特性，它不是北极，就是南极。

Polarization

All light travels in the form of waves, and these waves vibrate in all direcions along its path. Polarions of   the waves to one plane only.

光是以波动形式前进，并沿着前进路线向四方八面振动。偏光化的效果是把光波的振动限制于单一个平面上。

Polarizing filter

A filter which produces the effect of polarization. It transmits light waves travelling in one specific plane only and excludes all othe waves of light. It can be used to eliminate unwanted reflections such as flare and can also be used to darkin blue sky.

造成偏光化效果的滤色片。它只容许向某一特定平面振动的光波穿过而排除鞭其他光波。它可以用来消除无用的反射如闪烁光；也可以用来加深天空的蓝色。

Polyester

A plastis synthetic resin (polymirs of esters). Similar in stability and toughniss to acetate,but more flexible. Used as a stable overlay material and as a photographic film base.

一种合成树脂的塑胶（酯的聚合物）。它的稳定性和坚固度与醋酸胶片相似，但较为柔韧。作覆面物料和照相菲林的片基用。

Polymer 

Natural or synthetic plastic-like substances having molecule in a high relative molecular mass formed by the chemical linking of many simple molecules, of the same substance.

类似塑胶的人造或天然物体。由许多简单而属于同一种物质的分子，通过化学结合而形成，并具有较高的相对分了质量。

Polmeristion

The chemical formation of a polymer from a  simpler compound called a monomer.

由称为单体的较简单化合物经化学方法形成聚合物的情况。

Polypropylene

Plastic film rather like clear polythene. In its oriented form, the most common material for film lamination. See OPP film.

一种塑料胶膜，它和透明的聚乙烯相似。向性化的聚丙烯是最常用的裱胶材料。参阅向性聚丙烯胶膜。