A piece of paper or other material, fixed to something, on which is written what it is, where it to go ,who owns it, etc.

Self-adhesive paper for labels.

Signatures of a case-bound book "laced on "to the case boards. Also called Drawn-in.

(1)A solution of natural resins and solvent. It can be prepared to produce the different characteristics requierd for use as different kinds of surface coating.

(2)A pigmented resin solution which is applied to image areas of certain type of offset plates, such as deep etch, etc, to reinforce the ink receptivity of the printing images.

Paper with watermark lines about 1mm apart crossed at 90 degrees by lines 25mm apart formed by a dandy roll on the paper making machine.

A pigment made by precipetation of a soluble dye on an inorganic base to render it insoluble in water.

(1)The application of thin plastic film by heat and pressure to a printed sheet to enhance its appearance and to increase its durability. Various films are available with different gloss, folding and strength characteristics.

(2)The adhesion of sheets of materials one on top of the other by pasting.

A type of pigment for black ind. It is prepared by the incomplete combustion of materials such as vegetable oils or petroleum under insufficident air.

Format of a printed sheet or book in which the longer side is horizontal and the shorter side is vertical. Also called Oblong. See Portrait.

In computing ,a structured communications vocabulary using codes and words, which can be trandslated into the machine code that runs the computer. See High-level language, Low-level language.

Standard size of wrinting paper 491*533 mm (161/2*21 in.)

Referring to high-performance chips, which incorporating more than 100 gates or more than  1000 components. See Very large scale integration (VLSI).

Acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation, Concentrated light bean with narrow width used in creating images, engraving, etc.

A high-speed non-impact printing device which employs laser as a light source and xerographic technology to sensitise selected areas of a photo-sensitive belt or drum with static electricity to form the latent images. As the belt or drum revolves, the images pick up toner which is transferred to the paper and then heat fused.

In multi-colour printing, the final colour printed on the sheet .

The invisible image formed on a surface coated with light sendsitive material or electrostatic charges by the action of light. The latent images can be made visible by development.

A term used to describe a direction of movement which is parallel to the axis of a cylinder, drum or roller. See Circumferential movement.

Change of image from wrong to right-reading or vice versa.

Latin is the language that was used by the ancient Romans. Although it is no longer used for everyday speech in the world today, it is the official language of the Roman Catholic Church.

The latin alphabet is the same as the English alphabet but without "w".

A mechanical device on a sheet fed printing machine that causes all sheets fed up to it to be printed with a uniform margin and in register. There are "front lay "and "side lay".Also called Guide.

Edges of the sheet that is fed to the front and side lays respectively. The two lay edges of the sheet must be square. Also called Guide edges.

Plan for a piece to be printed. It shows the relative position of all type and graphic elements.

The introductory words in a piece of text which are set in a different face or size.

(1)Row of dots used to lead the eye across a page.

(2)A length of blank paper or magnetic tape used for loading purposes..

The spacing between lines of type. Also called Inter-linespacing. With mechanical type-setting, it is casted into the type to give a body generates larger than the type, thus the term "body size" In the recent desktop type-setting system, "leading" is used to mean "body size".

The edge of a sheet or plate at which printing begins. Also called Gripper edge.

Single sheet, comprising two pages.

Folded printed sheet comprising only a few pages.

Bookbinding grade of cloth,a plasticated cotton, dyed-through and calendered.

A strong paper for clerical use.

The ease with which a line of type or an individual character can be discriminated and recognized.Distinguish from readability which refers to the ease with which a passage can be read and understood.

Pick up a small amount of ink with an ink knife and allow it to flow down and finally string out .The length of the ink is the distance at which the string breaks. It shows the ability of a printing ink to flow and distribute well. "Short "ink does not flow and distribute as easily as "long" ink..

(1)A piece of glass, or other transparent material, with one or both sides curved, so that it concentrates or disperses light-rays.

(2)One or more pieces of lens grouped together so that it erfracts light in such a way to form an image.

A letter addressed by a bank in an importing country to its agent bank in the exporting country ,authorising the latter, providing an agreed set of conditions are met, to release a specified sum of money to the account of the exporter .A "Confirmed Irrevocable Letter of Credit" carries the absolute grarantee of the issuing bank, and cannot be revoked unless agreed by all parties.

A letter addressed by a bank in an importing country to its agent bank in the exporting country ,authorising the latter, providing an agreed set of conditions are met, to release a specified sum of money to the account of the exporter .A "Confirmed Irrevocable Letter of Credit" carries the absolute grarantee of the issuing bank, and cannot be revoked unless agreed by all parties.

The white space around a typeface. This space, fixed during the typeface design, acts as a separator between characters.

The shape of letters or style of types. For example:italic, bold, etc. Also called Type style.

Hand-drawn typography or a typeface designed to look gand-drawn.

A typical form of relief printing. Movable types are composed into pages. Ink were applied to the raised surface and then impressed on the paper.

A relief plate transfers the image to a blanket and thence on to the paper. Also called Dry offset, Offset letterpress, and Indirest letter-press.

Space between letters. Also called Intercharacter space.

The introduction of small amounts of space between letters to satisfy visual requirement and to avoid large word space for justified setting. Also called  Intercharacter spacing.

A durable type of case binding usually used for re-binding of library books.

USA  system for bibliographical data. The number is printed on the back of the title-page.

Two or more letters tied together and cast as a single piece of type.

Light is radiant energy and travels in the form of wave. In the vast range of electro-magnetic waves, light only occupies a very small portion. The wavelength between 380nm-720nm is light which enabke us to see, See Electro-magnetic spectrum.

Box with glass top, diffused illumination from within so that transparent artwork can be viewed on its surface.

An electronic device used to measure the amount of light available for making an exposure. See Photometer.

Light-sensitive stylus used to edit on a VDU(visual display unit).

A glass-top table, with a diffusion sheet and a light beneath, used by strippers to prepare flats, also especially useful for retouching and tracing art.

A semiconductor diode which emits light when a voltage is applied. Commonly used in its short form:LED.

lighter version of a normal typeface. One of the common variations in a type family.

Ink which will fade less readily than normal ink on prolonged exposure to strong light.

A measure of how resistant a pigment or colour is to fading when exposed to light. Normally measured on "Blue Wool Scale".which ranges from 1 (poor lightfastness ) to 8 (excellent lightfastness).

That property of a colour that distinguishes how intense its hue is ,e.g. distinguish a light blue from a dark blue or a red from a pink. See also Luminosity, Value.

Coated paper (often part-mechanical ) with substance below 60 g.s.m.

The substance in wood which binds the fibres together.It can be removed by using the chemical pulping process.

A style of binding books with cloth or other type of flexible materials for covers and made without board. See Yapp binding.

Referring to a book with a limp covers.

An origination made by combining the line elements of an original, shot for line, with the tone elements of the same original which are shot for tone. Hard, sharp outlines are retained as line.